This paper describes the field and laboratory testing as well as the engineering analysis required for freezing to permit excavation below the existing liner plates and into the underlying bedrock.
Read MoreShaft Freezing in Buenos Aires
Ground freezing was used to complete a shaft excavation that had been previously attempted using a slurry diaphragm wall and jet grouting. The freezing was completed around both the damaged shaft and the existing tunnel.
Read MoreGround Freezing for Tunnel Cross Passages
By freezing the zone between the two larger tunnels, the contractor can mine through the hard, water-tight ground without collapse or groundwater infiltration.
Read MoreTBM Repair Using Liquid Nitrogen
During tunnel mining operations under the Fraser River in Vancouver, the Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM) was damaged and required immediate repair. Liquid nitrogen was used to freeze the soil at the cutter head so repairs could be completed.
Read MorePort of Miami Tunnel
Ground freezing was selected to provide ground stabilization and water cut-off for Port of Miami Tunnel Cross Passages 2 and 3, located eighty to one hundred and twenty feet below sea level.
Read MoreNo. 7 Line Extension Project
Ground freezing was chosen to safely maintain stability, restrict groundwater inflow and limit settlement of the overlying structures to support hand-mining excavation.
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