Ground freezing offers several advantages over other methods of ground improvement. The design of frozen Earth structure for cross passage excavation is discussed.
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Ground Freezing for Tunnel Shafts and Adits
Ground freezing from the surface was selected as the the most technically appropriate method to provide temporary earth support and groundwater control during sewer tunnel construction as part of of D.C. Water’s Clean River Project. In addition, ground freezing provided significant advantages to accommodating the citizens in the neighborhood.
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A successful case of water cut-off by ground freezing
This paper describes the field and laboratory testing as well as the engineering analysis required for freezing to permit excavation below the existing liner plates and into the underlying bedrock.
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Grouting for Freezing
This paper details the field procedures used to locate unfrozen zones, numeric modeling techniques to verify the effect of the groundwater velocity on the freezing process and the grouting procedures used to reduce the permeability. Methods of drilling and installing the grout pipes as well as grout mixtures against frozen ground are discussed.
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Shaft Freezing in Buenos Aires
Ground freezing was used to complete a shaft excavation that had been previously attempted using a slurry diaphragm wall and jet grouting. The freezing was completed around both the damaged shaft and the existing tunnel.
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Sistema de Potabilización Área Norte – Access Shaft #3
After groundfreezing, the joint venture was successfully able to construct a permanent access shaft structure without any of the prior leaks, soil movement, or other problems.
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