This paper describes the field and laboratory testing as well as the engineering analysis required for freezing to permit excavation below the existing liner plates and into the underlying bedrock.
Read MoreForensics by Freezing
This paper presents case histories where ground freezing was used as a remedial technique for slurry diaphragm walls, jet grouted base seals and secant pile excavation support. The paper evaluates the soil conditions and provides a forensic analysis of the cause of the complications that lead to the need to implement ground freezing.
Read MoreShaft Freezing in Buenos Aires
Ground freezing was used to complete a shaft excavation that had been previously attempted using a slurry diaphragm wall and jet grouting. The freezing was completed around both the damaged shaft and the existing tunnel.
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